Study on Hyperspectral Diagnosis of Nitrogen Nutrition Index among Different Cotton Varieties under Drip Irrigation

[Objective] To explore the feasibility of rapid and accurate diagnosis of nitrogen nutrition index investigeted nitrogen nutrition index and hyperspectral index in different varieties of drip irrigation cotton. [Method] Five cotton varieties with different characters were selected as the research object under different fertilization conditions, the correlation between nitrogen nutrient index and 17 spectral indices was explored. Then the diagnosis model of nitrogen nutrition was established and verified. [Results] The difference of nitrogen nutrition index among different cotton varieties of drip-irrigation was significant, the hybrid cotton could approach the best condition of nitrogen nutrition level more quickly. In the multiple regression model of nitrogen nutrition index based on hyperspectral analysis, Lumianyan 24 had the highest R², which reached the high level of 0.8. The precision of the model established by Lumianyan 24 was the highest under two years' data verification. [Conclusion] The hyperspectral monitoring model based on nitrogen nutrition index can be used to monitor nitrogen nutrient status of plant. The results of this experiment can provide theoretical basis for precision fertilization in later stage agriculture.     

玉米秸秆压块机负载参数的确定

为研究玉米秸秆压缩过程中压力与密度、含水率、模具厚度之间的关系,进行玉米秸秆开式压缩试验。试验表明：压力的大小直接影响物料的成形密度,压力越大则成形密度越高;在一定温度范围内,随着含水率的增大,成形压力相应增大;随着压模厚度的增加,压力逐渐上升。根据试验参数,可以确定压块机的负载参数,从而为压块机的设计提供理论依据。     

基于高光谱植被指数的棉田冠层特征信息估算模型研究

 采用ASD Field Spec Pro VNIR 2500型光谱辐射仪获取了棉花不同生育时期的冠层高光谱反射率。并通过光谱分析技术，建立了基于高光谱植被指数——归一化植被指数和比值植被指数的棉田冠层特征信息的定量模型。经过对估算模型的精度检验和评价，最终筛选出表征棉花冠层结构特征参数的最佳估算模型。结果表明，基于归一化植被指数预测棉花叶面积指数，以幂函数（y=11.084x^12.024，r=0.8076^**）的模型为最优；基于比值植被指数预测棉花单位面积地上部鲜生物量，以指数函数（y=52.261·exp(0.1024x)，r=0.8114^**）的估计模型为最优；基于比值植被指数预测棉花单位面积地上部干生物量，以指数函数（y=9.5552·exp(0.1133x)，r=0.8330^**）的模型为最优。可见，利用高光谱遥感技术可以分析、模拟、评价、预测棉花冠层特征参量，为精准种植棉花提供了依据。     

中国梅花品种群分类新方案并论种间杂交起源品种群之发展优势

 提出了在梅种之下设置11个品种群的梅花品种群分类新方案。该方案既与国际栽培植物命名法规接轨, 又保留了原有“花卉品种二元分类”的优点。在提新方案的同时, 还发现并论证了梅核之宽厚比(宽/厚) 也是品种群分类的重要标志之一。这是核面蜂窝状点穴之外一项新发现的指标。此指标对远缘杂种起源之杏梅品种群和美人品种群而言, 意义尤著。文中还剖析了它们在南梅北移等方面的发展优势。     

华盖木生存现状及其保护对策

在野外条件下,华盖木自然更新困难,加之林业经济作物种植导致栖息地退化,华盖木正面临野外灭绝的威胁。因此,在加强就地保护的同时,回迁人工繁殖苗、重建种群亦是必要和迫切的保护工作。     

杨树林光肩星天牛数量分布影响因子分析

通过研究植被覆盖率、郁闭度、林分位置对光肩星天牛数量分布的影响,结果表明：植被覆盖率、郁闭度及林分位置对光肩星天牛有显著影响,随着覆盖率和郁闭度的提高,光肩星天牛数量越少,并且林缘的数量大于林中的数量。     

北京鸭胸肌厚度与屠体性能指标的相关关系研究

先后进行两次饲养试验和屠宰试验研究肉鸭胸肌厚度和胸肌质量、胸肌率的相关关系。试验1饲养大体型A品系和小体型B、C品系的北京鸭各150只至7周龄,每个品系随机选取8只公鸭和8只母鸭进行屠宰试验。探索超声波扫描技术活体测定北京鸭胸肌厚度的方法,建立北京鸭胸肌厚度与胸肌质量、胸肌率等指标的相关关系。试验2饲养B系肉鸭1900只至7周龄,随机选取100只公鸭和100只母鸭进行屠宰试验,测定胸肌厚度和主要屠体指标,进行相关分系。结果:超声波测定北京鸭的胸肌厚度,图象清晰;大体型品系北京鸭7周龄的胸肌厚度达到22.3mm,小体型为16.2和16.3mm。胸肌厚度与胸肌质量、胸肌率的相关系数分别为0.6328(P<0.01)、0.4721(P<0.01),均达到极显著水平。结果表明,超声波扫描技术能够准确地测定北京鸭的胸肌厚度;北京鸭的胸肌厚度与胸肌产量、胸肌率存在显著的正相关关系。     

富士苹果高干开心形光照分布与产量品质的关系研究

 系统研究了富士苹果高干开心形和不同方法改良的高干开心形树冠内相对光照强度分布的差异、果实产量分布特征及树冠不同部位光照分布与果实品质因素的关系。结果表明，高干开心形树冠大于30％的相对光照强度比例大，且各层分布均匀一致，呈平行排列；高干开心形、两种不同方法改良的高干开心形和小冠疏层形小于30%的相对光照体积所占树冠总体积分别为23.33%、25.95%、32.86%、40.24%；产量分别为47.4、46.6、44.9、39.5 t/hm;高干开心树形比小冠疏层形低光区少17%，产量提高20%，果皮着色、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、果形指数、糖酸比等均高于小冠疏层形。建立了品质因素与相对光照强度关系的回归方程，求出了富士苹果优质生产的最适相对光照强度范围为40%-80%。     

Heat stress in rat adriamycin cardiomyopathy: heat shock protein 25 and Myosin accumulation

In order to evaluate the effects of hyperthermia on adriamycin cardiomyopathy and its relationship with heat shock protein induction and myosin accumulation, female Sprague-Dawley rats (21-24 days) were randomized into four groups: the control, adriamycin, temperature and temperature-adriamycin groups. Adriamycin was injected i.v. at a dose of 27 mg/Kg (0.1 ml). The rats were exposed to a temperature of 45oC for 35 min, followed by a recovery (1 h) at room temperature prior to adriamycin treatment. Body weight was recorded weekly. The thickness of the ventricular wall and percentage of cellular damage were biometrically and ultrastructurally evaluated, respectively. Heat shock protein 25 and myosin accumulation were determined through Western blot analysis. The determinations were carried out monthly until the third month after treatment. At eight and twelve weeks after treatment, the thickness of the ventricular wall seemed to decrease in the adriamycin-treated rats in relation to the other groups. An electron microscopic analysis of the adriamycin group's left ventricular wall samples, showed more sarcomeric changes and loss of myofibrils than the control, temperature and temperature-adriamycin groups. At 24 hours after treatment with adriamycin, higher levels of heat shock protein 25 and myosin were observed (week 0) in the temperature-adriamycin group than in the control and adriamycin groups (4, 8 and 12 weeks). Hyperthermia was confirmed by a multivariate approach to induce heat shock protein 25 and myosin, which would strengthen cardiac-sarcomeric myosin arrangement.